Fragments from the Sydney Writers’ Festival 2012

‘As a writer, what you leave out says as much as what you put in.’—Jeanette Winterson

Lying in the hotel room—white walls, painted beams and sheets—feeling sick with nerves, scribbling questions in the margins of questions.

Jeanette Winterson, so far away from me in the Opera House that I cannot make out her face. But such a presence, confident, stalking the stage. ‘If you think about art as a luxury’, she says, ‘then being human is a luxury.’ She makes a direct appeal to the importance of our ‘inner lives’ in her talk on art, literature, love and (that still useful word, she says) the soul. When she talks of the life of the mind, the heart, and of the importance of connection, she doesn’t come across as earnest. And this is partly because she is so hilarious.

LOL. Charlotte, Chris & Paddy.

On Thursday I chair a panel on humour in fiction. The authors’ books, the characters’ voices, are so different, but a general consensus from the panel is that humour is not only one of the best ways to convey serious ideas, but that humour (for them as readers) is essential. Basically, for the text to not take itself too seriously, to be aware of its place in the larger scheme of (absurd) existence.

Jeanette Winterson has the audience in stitches talking about the ‘banana beagle’ who meets her at Sydney airport. She was once caught with a banana skin, but the banana itself was already digesting.

She relates this to her talk by encouraging us to access our inner banana.

My banana sometimes pokes out of my mouth. I try to restrain the banana, when appropriate. I let the banana loose with my friends, especially on Saturday, over a trout fishcake at Fratelli Fresh, a walk around the harbour, some drinks on Pier 2/3. At other times the banana settles deep in my gut, unsure of itself. With someone who sees restraint as a virtue, my banana attempts coolness, patience.

‘I don’t think books make a home, they are a home,’ says Winterson. In the hotel bed I dream of a home that is cavernous, like the Opera House, but made of bricks. I cannot make out the detail on the roof. There is a small yard, so we can finally get a dog. This is the happiest thought. There’s no proper bathroom, but a lime-coloured curtain pulls around some tiles. The toilet is next to our bed. There are other people in the house so I know this will pose a problem. I’m a light sleeper after all.

Excavations under the YHA. Time travel.

On Thursday and Friday night I stay at the YHA. I barely sleep. My roommates are from Boston. I feel happy that they have such nice weather. There is so much noise in the hostel. I wash my own dishes in the morning and try not to think of the luxury of the hotel. As my family friend said, ‘you are young.’ I have a lot of YHAs to go.

My family friends take me to Doyle’s. I’ve just read a passage in a Jessica Anderson book about lobsters screaming. Nonetheless, I get the ‘ship to shore’, the steak cooked medium. I need the iron. There is a view. Martinis and the past, the future. But ‘the now’ is much more present on the table. The taste of the food, the warmth of stories shared.

I drag them to The Clock afterwards, and I stay on until 12:25. This artwork compels me for so many reasons, and thinking about it and figuring out those reasons feels like a worthwhile use of time. I love films, and the guessing game makes you stay on, like staying up watching Rage. Time as a construct. Time as inevitable. Time as shared (but experienced differently for each of us). Moments of time as intertextual (we recall memories, and cultural memories, constantly, relating them to the now). Time as stretching out or closing in. Time full of people. Wanting to ‘pass time’ or hold onto it. ‘Our inner lives don’t work according to the clock or the calendar’, Winterson says. Remembering. Forgetting.

Waiting.

Close to midnight.

Waiting in that hotel room for Thursday, when I can get all my work done. Swinging between excitement and dread. Knowing it will all go well, because I am prepared, but also not knowing. Winterson talks that night about the fact that there is no certainty, and so, we build ourselves. Art helps us be ready. Good art supports us, but does not supplant us.

‘When we don’t have time, that’s the most tragic thing of all, because time is all we have,’ she says.

What is a worthwhile pursuit, then? Art, definitely, but talking and writing about art? It’s still a form of connection, a meeting of bananas. I go and see a panel on ‘friends reviewing friends’. Gideon Haigh says that when he reads the review pages he wants to get an overall sense of the culture and where it is going. The general reader might partly want this, but they also just want to know if there are any books out that they might enjoy. That might engage with their inner selves. That might ‘prepare’ them. Kerryn Goldsworthy says even the shorter reviews can do this. There’s an art to them. I think Haigh’s opinion is important, and perhaps it’s about balance. But the kind of criticism he’s talking about, I believe, is very difficult to do without giving away the ending of a book. At least, that’s what I’ve found, in my limited experience. In-depth criticism is stimulating (and necessary) but I do think the literary editors know that the main audience for their pages is a general one who wants to know whether or not a book is for them.

When in Sydney.

That said, his point that reviews could also be better written, more engaging in themselves, is a very good one. Any reviewer should aim to write a review that is stimulating and clear, maybe even clever. The panel also made a good point about editors often giving a review to the first person who offers, instead of thinking about who the best person will be for the job. It may be true sometimes, and for some literary editors. But they are also extremely busy people (with budgets and pages being cut and a gazillion books piling up).

The main points of the panel, though, were that, yes, friends shouldn’t review friends (and it’s up to the reviewer to be ethical about this, as the ed. may not be able to keep track), and enemies also should not review enemies. Though it’s not always so black and white, is it? When Goldsworthy edited ABR she did keep a long list (covered in white-out) of literary trysts, friendships, fallings-out and so on. ‘It seemed important, and seemed to be my job.’

Jeanette Winterson says, if you’re troubled, recite poetry to yourself in the mirror.

Tick. Tock.

I go to a panel on Australian classics. Yes, the Text Classics are wonderful, bringing out-of-print books (‘classics’, Michael Heyward says, is a label used provocatively, the debate is what’s important) to old and new audiences. Other publishers have Australian classics ranges, too, ie. Sydney Uni Press, Fremantle Press, and Allen and Unwin (forthcoming). There seems a bit of a divide between the panel and the audience in this one (except everyone loves Thomas Keneally, all the time, because, how can you not?) when people start to stand up and defend the literature departments of certain universities. They have learnt Aus lit, and even women writers. Admittedly, though, in another time. One audience member seems a bit frustrated by the debate and just wants to walk away with a good list of books to follow up.

Like that other panel, there’s a divide between the literary and critical ‘culture’, and the everyday reader who just wants to be pointed in the right direction, among all the noise.

Another ‘classic’.

At the Picador party I have a conversation with the Pan Macmillan managing director. Of course, he understands this perfectly. Without their Matthew Reillys and Di Morriseys, do you think they could publish many debut authors, or more ‘literary’ works? (Though the definition of ‘literary’ itself befuddles many readers, and writers.) I think if our personal and intellectual preference is for literary fiction, we might still appreciate the role commercial books play in our literary landscape. It’s not just a financial role, many of these books get people reading, and I don’t think I’m being too optimistic when I say that many readers will go on to read other books. I was a bookseller in a regional town for four years, and I know first-hand this is true. Some readers, yes, will only buy the Bryce Courtenay every Christmas (still, supporting that publisher so they can publish other works). But some will come in (or look at blogs, or whatever) and ask: what else is like this? What has this setting? Are there other books with characters like this? Booksellers, reviewers, bloggers—we can point readers toward books that will be a worthwhile, rewarding use of their time.

Because of commercially successful books, someone like the editor I speak to at the Picador party, who loves ‘depressing books’ (oh, me too) has a job. Has a wonderful job and does a wonderful job.

Kate rec(it)ed a poem with ‘it’ in every word.

(On a contradictory note, there are small publishers like Giramondo, who are proudly ‘literary’ and who publish books other publishers may not touch, who don’t operate on this kind of model and are successful—and support their authors—in other ways.)

Over the festival I meet so many new people (many known from years of social media contact).

I also accidentally meet a couple of people, like Elliott Perlman, asking for directions. And I spend a quiet, awkward few minutes alone in the green room with the Hon Michael Kirby AC CMG, whose life I don’t know enough about to ask any good questions.

Then there is the sun. But everything written about the beauty of sunshine (especially on the water) is a cliché. It is warm. It makes me very happy. I want more of it.

Eating ice cream with a spoon in the sun might be one of the most worthwhile uses of time.

Recently read: The Fine Colour of Rust by PA O’Reilly & What the Family Needed by Steven Amsterdam

I’m fairly time-poor at the moment, but I wanted to at least make a small note about a couple of books I’ve read lately in preparation for the Sydney Writers’ Festival next week!

The Fine Colour of Rust, PA O’Reilly, Blue Door, 9780007434930, March 2012 (buy paperback, ebook)

I’m a big fan of Paddy O’Reilly’s short story collection The End of the World and I’d been told to expect something quite different with this novel—more commercial, I guess, though we all get a bit confused about these distinctions sometimes. The Fine Colour of Rust is a bright and funny story of a teeny country town called Gunapan and its big-hearted and bold resident Loretta Boskovic. Loretta is a single mum (like many of the women in Gunapan) and she’s a perfect mix of hard-edged and dreamy. She may go off into fantasies about men in BMWs whisking her off (away from the kids), but when it comes down to it, Loretta will fight the fight that no one else dares or cares to. She’s thoroughly human, she cares about what others say about her and her kids, but she also doesn’t let it get to her for long. She’s both tough and tender, and she’s hilarious. I did some serious LOLing while reading this book. There are other memorable characters, like Norm, who runs a metal scrapyard and knows everything that’s going on in town; and a pair of goats that soften Loretta’s difficult daughter Melissa. This is a warm and affirming book that doesn’t exactly go in the directions you may expect. Loretta is allowed to remain complex.

I’ll be chairing the panels ‘Not Funny Strange‘ with PA O’Reilly, Charlotte Wood and Chris Flynn (free) and ‘Rural Romping‘ with PA O’Reilly and Carrie Tiffany (ticketed) on Thursday 17 May at Sydney Writers’ Festival.

What the Family Needed, Steven Amsterdam, Sleepers, 9781742702117 (buy paperback, ebook)

Stuffed if I know why it’s taken me so long to get to this, given how big a fan I am of Amsterdam’s writing. This book is entirely different from Things We Didn’t See Coming but there’s something of a similar subtle heart-wrenchingness. The poignancy really sneaks up on you. On the surface it seems like a book about a bunch of related characters who are each granted a special power—invisibility, flying, super-strength—but there are layers of meaning beneath. Characters grow up and grow old, deal with desires and impulses, distances, and losses. ‘They were all separate, scattering like planets without even asking each other if it was okay.’ There are consequences to their choices and to their powers. The way some characters connect and understand each other, and others don’t, is also deftly handled. Amsterdam’s prose is clean and fresh, loaded with subtext. This book could be read really differently, too, by a rationalist or a fantasist. It reminded me a little of Joe Meno, the American writer; the combination of ordinariness (and children, and family) and strangeness or other-worldliness. There is space for the unknown and unexplainable, from Giordana not knowing why Janelle would be attracted to her brother, to why or how Ben can fly. This is a strongly empathetic book, and a book of wonder.

I’ll be chairing the panel ‘The Second Time‘ with Steven Amsterdam, Kirsten Tranter and Deborah Forster (free) on Thursday 17 May at Sydney Writers’ Festival.

Dallas Angguish on Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal? by Jeanette Winterson (guest review)

Jonathan Cape (Random House)
9780224093453, 2011
(buy hardcover, ebook

Review by Dallas Angguish

Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal is the sometimes disturbing, sometimes tender and often funny story behind Jeanette Winterson’s debut novel Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit. Whereas Oranges was a semi-autobiographical novel, Why Be Happy is a memoir, a personal and reflective account of the author’s emotional and creative journey. The book is also very much about Winterson’s troubled relationship with her adoptive mother, an abusive religious zealot and ‘flamboyant depressive’, and the search for her birth mother.

I’d like to begin my review of Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal with an excerpt from the recent discussion of it on the ABC’s First Tuesday Book Club:

Germaine Greer: …I think this book and Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit belongs to a strangely female genre which I call ‘the lying autobiography’ where you give an account which is self-serving in lots of ways…. She [Winterson] keeps telling you, ‘This may not have happened. This may be an invention.’

Greer doesn’t give specific examples of ‘lying autobiographies’ but mentions that she has been slandered in a number of memoirs. She goes on to imply that Winterson’ book—because the author is admitting up-front that she is writing about her own subjective experience, her own memories, her own interpretation of events and people—is therefore not only flawed but unethical. Though I believe that Greer is a genius and one of our greatest public intellectuals, I think she’s had a bit of a brain-snap there.

By labelling Why Be Happy as a ‘lying autobiography’, Greer has tarred Winterson’s book with the same brush as those mean-spirited books in which she’s been misrepresented. I commiserate with Greer; she has been the target of a lot of misinformation, and that must be painful and frustrating. However, in reading Why Be Happy through the prism of that experience rather than meeting it on its own terms, Greer is guilty of the very same lack of objectivity for which she critiqued Winterson.

The fact that Winterson explicitly foregrounds the subjective nature of memoir in Why Be Happy makes this book not only ethical but more ‘truthful’ than the slew of memoirs and autobiographies in the marketplace that pretend some kind of objective truth. Remember the controversies over James Frey’s A Million Little Pieces or Demidenko/Darville’s The Hand That Signed The Paper? Those books were seen as fraudulent precisely because they obscured the fact that they were not completely factual; because they pretended to be objectively true.

Why Be Happy, in contrast, is written with its cards on the table. It makes no claim to objective truth. Winterson makes it quite clear that she’s writing from her perspective, a perspective that cannot pretend objectivity; not because she rejects the truth but because objectivity is simply very difficult, if not impossible, to achieve.

I don’t have space in this review to outline the history of notions of truth and objectivity in philosophy, nor the voluminous body of evidence about the unreliability of memory and perception coming out of psychology. So let me be a little naughty and reduce and blend the whole Western philosophical canon—and the body of knowledge of modern neuropsychology—into a single (rather snooty) paragraph so that we’re all on the same page:

The thing we call truth is unattainable and will not be agreed to by everyone concerned. We all perceive, experience and remember events uniquely. Memory is known to be very unreliable. More to the point, we cannot directly touch or experience reality (or truth); we can only experience reality through the filter of our perception, which is always already distorted. Memories are subjective reflections of an already distorted perception. Therefore, what we call truth is not absolute but is merely a convention. Having said that, we need to respect and value shared experience and be careful not to deny the truth that others claim, especially if they belong to a marginalised group. Nor should we make no attempt at all to find those facts that can be supported by hard evidence.

Given the above, I think that Why Be Happy, precisely because it foregrounds the slippery nature of memory and truth, is anything but unethical. In fact, it’s one of the best examples of the autobiographical/memoir genre to come out in a long while. I say this not just because Winterson is open about the subjective nature of her account but also because it is so well written. Take as an example her opening reflections on her adoptive mother:

When my mother was angry with me, which was often, she said, ‘The Devil led us to the wrong crib.’

The image of Satan taking time off from the Cold War and McCarthyism to visit Manchester in 1960—purpose of visit: to deceive Mrs Winterson—has a flamboyant theatricality to it. She was a flamboyant depressive; a woman who kept a revolver in the duster drawer, and the bullets in a tin of Pledge. A woman who stayed up all night baking cakes to avoid sleeping in the same bed as my father. A woman with a prolapse, a thyroid condition, an enlarged heart, an ulcerated leg that never healed, and two sets of false teethmatt for everyday, and a pearlised set for ‘best’.

Clearly, well written though it is, Winterson’s treatment of her mother in this passage is not kind. In a way, she is constructing a monster. The list of Mrs Winterson’s monstrous (or abject) characteristics is quite long. The prolapse, ulcerated leg and ‘two sets of false teeth’ are more than enough to make this reader feel a bit queasy.

This horror movie picture of Mrs Winterson seems designed to undermine any impulse we might have towards sympathy. But to the author, Mrs Winterson is a monster and it seems important to her that we get that strongly and right up front. And we do.

Mrs Winterson is not nice. This is a person who beat her daughter, locked her in a ‘coal hole’, indoctrinated her with fanatical religious beliefs and left her locked outside all night while at the same time masqueraded as a good mother by ensuring that her daughter was always well dressed and well behaved. That sounds like a monster to me. But, all monsters have another side.

Thus I come to my only criticism of Why Be Happy. We only see a small part of that other side of Mrs Winterson so that sometimes she seems not quite fully fleshed out. She looms large, but as a spectre does, not as a human being. This is perhaps because she isn’t a real person. She’s the embodiment of Winterson’s feelings of fear, loneliness and abandonment.

I don’t expect Winterson to give a pitch-perfect rendering of her mother. That’s not quite possible working from memory and perception. But I cannot believe that Mrs Winterson struggled so little with her demons or with the way she treated her child. I wanted to see that struggle discussed more. Perhaps I’m naïve, perhaps Mrs Winterson rarely, if ever, struggled with her darkness. Perhaps she slept blissfully each and every night free of any sense of remorse or guilt. Perhaps she really was a monster. Perhaps Winterson simply didn’t witness or doesn’t remember any such struggle.

To write about this kind of relationship, to face ones darkest memories and most fraught feelings and place them on the page for all to see, takes a lot of courage. That’s the sense I get having finished the book, that the author is courageous and open-hearted.

Far from being a ‘lying autobiography’, Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal is a book that shares with its reader the very tender moments of the author’s early life in a moving and engaging way. It’s also a good example of how writing an autobiography challenges memoirists to question their memories and to acknowledge the perhaps irreducible gap between what we remember, what we feel, and what may or may not have happened according to the facts. In facing that unavoidable gap, Winterson has produced not only a very fine book but an honest one as well.

Dallas Angguish is a writer and editor based in Northern NSW. He has been published in a number of journals including TEXTLodestar QuarterlyRetort MagazineBukker Tillibul and Polari Journal (of which he is also the editor). Dallas’ work has appeared in the anthologies Bend, Don’t Shatter (2004), Dumped (2000 and US edition 2002) and When You’re a Boy (2011). A collection of his short works, Anywhere But Here, was published in 2006 and his collection of travel tales, America Divine: Travels in the Hidden South, was published by Phosphor Books in 2011. Dallas is also an Associate Lecturer in Cultural Studies and Writing at Southern Cross University. For more info: www.dallasangguish.com

In May, Jeanette Winterson will be appearing at the 2012 Sydney Writers’ Festival and at the Wheeler Centre in Melbourne.

Sydney Writers’ Festival 2012: tickets on sale

I’ve attended the Sydney Writers’ Festival as ‘media’ before but this year I’ll get to chat with some great authors on stage. I’m chairing three panels in one day, Thursday 17 May. If you see me that night, don’t be surprised if I’m drunk or asleep in the corner of the hotel bar.

Two of the sessions are free (so get there early if you’d like to come) and one is ticketed. Blurbs are from the SWF program:

The Second Time 

The second novel is notoriously difficult but it has not stopped Kirsten Tranter (A Common Loss), Deborah Forster (The Meaning of Grace) or Steven Amsterdam (What the Family Needed). Just to add to the pressure, each of them was listed for major Australian literary prizes for their first books. They tell Angela Meyer how they managed, and what was different the second time around.

11:30-12:30 Bangarra Mezzanine, Pier 4/5, Hickson Road, Walsh Bay, free.

Not Funny Strange

Humour seems to have taken a back seat in Australian literary fiction of recent years. But we found three recent books that make us wonder if humour is making a comeback. Chris Flynn’s A Tiger in Eden, PA O’Reilly’s The Fine Colour of Rust and Charlotte Wood’s Animal People all make use of the wry to either contrast or even to laugh out loud. They talk to Angela Meyer about how they do it.

1:00-2:00 Sydney Dance 1, Pier 4/5, Hickson Road, Walsh Bay, free.

Rural Romping

It’s a whole rural revival for a new crop of novels with PA O’Reilly creating the town of Gunapan as the setting for her The Fine Colour of Rust while Carrie Tiffany puts her characters in Mateship of Birds in the country town of Cohuna. They talk to Angela Meyer about why they decided to go bush.

4:00-5:00 Sydney Theatre, Richard Wherrett Studio, 22 Hickson Road, Walsh Bay, ticketed.

Of course, there’s a huge array of other events. Pour yourself a cup of tea and peruse the program. I’m definitely hoping to see Jeanette Winterson.

Hope to see you there!